samariumdoped
Samarium-doped materials are solids in which samarium ions, typically Sm3+, are introduced as dopants into a crystalline or glassy host lattice to create optically active media. The Sm3+ ion exhibits sharp 4f-4f transitions, producing narrow emission lines. In most hosts the visible emission is orange to red, commonly near 600–650 nm, with absorption bands that can be pumped by visible or near-ultraviolet light. Emission lifetimes are relatively long, ranging from microseconds to milliseconds, and the overall efficiency depends on the host’s phonon energy and the dopant concentration.
Common host materials include fluoride crystals such as CaF2, SrF2 and NaYF4; oxides such as yttrium aluminum
Applications of samarium-doped materials include solid-state lasers and laser gain media, optical amplifiers, and phosphors for