rütmihäireid

Rütmihäire, medically known as arrhythmia, refers to any irregularity in the heart's rhythm. The heart normally beats in a regular, coordinated pattern, but arrhythmias occur when the electrical signals that control this rhythm are disrupted. This can cause the heart to beat too fast (tachycardia), too slow (bradycardia), or irregularly.

Symptoms of arrhythmias can vary greatly and may include a fluttering sensation in the chest, palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, or chest pain. Some individuals may experience no symptoms at all. The causes are diverse and can include underlying heart conditions such as coronary artery disease or heart failure, high blood pressure, electrolyte imbalances, thyroid problems, certain medications, excessive alcohol or caffeine consumption, stress, and congenital heart defects.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and tests like an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) to record the heart's electrical activity. Other diagnostic tools may include Holter monitors (portable ECG devices worn for an extended period), event monitors, echocardiograms, and electrophysiology studies.

Treatment for arrhythmias depends on the specific type, its severity, and the underlying cause. Options can range from lifestyle modifications, such as reducing caffeine and alcohol intake, to medications to control heart rate or rhythm. In some cases, procedures like cardioversion (using an electrical shock to restore normal rhythm), catheter ablation (destroying abnormal heart tissue), or the implantation of a pacemaker or defibrillator may be necessary. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to prevent potential complications, such as stroke or heart failure.