röntgentomograafia

Röntgentomograafia, commonly known as CT scanning or CAT scanning, is a medical imaging technique that uses X-rays to create cross-sectional images of the body. Unlike conventional X-rays which produce a single flat image, tomographic techniques capture multiple views from different angles. A CT scanner consists of an X-ray tube that rotates around the patient, emitting a fan-shaped beam of X-rays. Detectors on the opposite side of the rotating tube measure the intensity of the X-rays that pass through the body. These measurements are then processed by a computer to reconstruct detailed cross-sectional slices.

These slices represent the internal structures of the body, including bones, soft tissues, and blood vessels. Different tissues absorb X-rays to varying degrees, and this differential absorption is what allows the CT scanner to differentiate between them. The resulting images can be viewed on a monitor or printed. CT scans are invaluable for diagnosing a wide range of conditions, from fractures and tumors to internal bleeding and organ damage. They are also used for guiding biopsies and surgical procedures. The radiation dose from a CT scan is higher than from a conventional X-ray, but the diagnostic information gained often outweighs this risk. The development of newer CT technology has focused on reducing radiation exposure while improving image quality.