ritorsione
Ritorsione is the Italian term for retaliation or reprisal. The word is used in legal and diplomatic discourse to describe measures taken by a state or actor in response to an injury or unlawful act by another, with the aim of restoring balance and encouraging the other party to change behavior. The concept seeks to deter future violations while avoiding unnecessary escalation.
In international law, ritorsione corresponds to reprisals or countermeasures. Such actions are generally considered lawful only
In domestic or civil contexts, ritorsione can refer to retaliatory measures within contracts, employment, or administrative
See also: reprisal, retaliation, countermeasure, proportionality, international law, humanitarian law.