riigikaitset

Riigikaitse, or state defense, is the Estonian framework for protecting the nation’s independence, constitutional order, and territorial integrity in both peacetime and crisis. It combines military means with civilian readiness and emphasizes resilience against conventional and non-conventional threats, including cyber attacks and disruption of critical infrastructure.

Key components include the Defence Forces (Kaitsevägi), which provide armed defense and conduct training and mobilization; the Defence League (Kaitseliit), a voluntary national guard that links civilian populations to defense and supports resilience; and civil defense and emergency preparedness measures coordinated across public authorities. Cyber defense is integrated into national security policy as a central pillar.

Riigikaitse is implemented within a constitutional and legal framework and is led by the Ministry of Defence in cooperation with other ministries, the parliament, and international partners. Estonia’s defense policy emphasizes professional forces combined with reserve mobilization and extensive international cooperation, notably within NATO and the EU.

Public participation and readiness are core elements: citizens may serve in reserves, undertake training, and participate in public defense education. The overarching aim is to maintain credible deterrence, rapid response capabilities, and societal resilience to safeguard Estonia’s freedom and democratic order.