resonanskavitet

A resonanskavitet, or resonant cavity, is a hollow space that can support and amplify electromagnetic waves of certain frequencies. These frequencies are determined by the physical dimensions and shape of the cavity. When electromagnetic waves enter the cavity, they can reflect off the inner surfaces. If the wavelength of the wave is an integer multiple of the cavity's dimensions, standing waves can form. This constructive interference leads to an increase in the intensity of the electromagnetic field within the cavity at these specific resonant frequencies.

Resonant cavities are fundamental components in various technologies. In microwave ovens, a magnetron generates microwaves that are directed into a cavity where food is placed, causing the water molecules in the food to vibrate and heat up. In particle accelerators, resonant cavities are used to accelerate charged particles by applying oscillating electric fields at the resonant frequency. Radio transmitters and receivers also utilize resonant cavities to tune into specific frequencies. The quality factor (Q factor) of a resonant cavity describes how efficiently it stores energy at its resonant frequency. A higher Q factor indicates less energy loss and a sharper resonance.