rendszerindítással

Rendszerindítás, commonly referred to as booting, is the process of starting up a computer. When a computer is powered on, it undergoes a sequence of operations to load its operating system into memory and make it ready for user interaction. This process begins with the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) or Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI), which is a firmware stored on a chip on the motherboard. The BIOS/UEFI performs a Power-On Self-Test (POST) to check that all essential hardware components are functioning correctly.

Following the POST, the BIOS/UEFI locates the bootloader, which is a small program responsible for loading the operating system. The bootloader typically resides on a storage device such as a hard drive, SSD, or USB drive. Once found, the bootloader is executed, and it then loads the operating system kernel into the computer's random-access memory (RAM). The kernel is the core of the operating system and manages the system's resources.

After the kernel is loaded, it initializes various system processes and drivers, which are software components that allow the operating system to communicate with hardware devices. Finally, the operating system's user interface, such as a graphical desktop environment or a command-line interface, is presented to the user, indicating that the system has successfully booted and is ready for operation. The entire process is crucial for the computer to become functional after being powered off.