regas

Regas refers to the regasification process, the conversion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) back into methane-rich natural gas for injection into gas pipelines. LNG is cooled to around -162°C for storage and transport, allowing large volumes to be shipped efficiently. Regasification heats LNG to ambient temperature and re-pressurizes it as gas suitable for distribution and market use.

The regasification process typically uses heat exchange to warm LNG, often by circulating seawater or using other heat sources. The resulting natural gas is then desalted, odorized, and metered before being fed into the national or regional gas transmission system. The overall energy required for vaporization and the design of the terminals influence efficiency, emissions, and operating costs.

Two main terminal types deliver regasified gas. Onshore regasification terminals house the equipment needed to heat the LNG and add system pressures required for pipeline standards. Floating storage and regasification units (FSRUs) provide mobile regasification capacity, allowing commissioning flexibility or rapid expansion in regions with changing demand.

Applications and role in energy systems. Regasification terminals enable LNG import flexibility, diversification of gas supply, and seasonal balance for gas networks. They are integral to many national energy strategies, especially where domestic production is limited or where price and supply security are priorities. Capacity is commonly expressed in billion cubic meters per year (bcm/year) and can range from small regional facilities to large international hubs.

Safety and environmental considerations. LNG regasification involves handling extremely cold commodities and pressurized gas, with strict safety protocols. The process consumes energy and can contribute to operational emissions; modern terminals employ energy-efficient heat exchange and emissions controls to mitigate environmental impact.