recalcitrancja
Recalcitrancja is a Polish noun that denotes stubborn resistance or noncooperation in the face of authority, policy, or change. The term is borrowed from English recalcitrance and ultimately from Latin recalcitrāre, meaning to resist or to kick against.
In everyday and scholarly usage, recalcitrancja describes individuals, groups, or systems that resist attempts at reform,
In medicine and biology the concept can refer to cases that do not respond to standard treatment,
The term is typically descriptive and may carry evaluative connotations. It is sometimes preferred to more