realnyj

Realnyj is the transliteration of the Russian adjective реальный, meaning real, actual, genuine, or tangible. It is used to describe objects, events, or concepts that exist in fact rather than hypothetically or fictionally. In everyday usage, phrases such as реальный человек (a real person), реальная экономика (the real economy), or реальные факты (real facts) illustrate its broad sense. The form changes with gender and number: реальная (feminine), реальное (neuter), and реальные (plural). In transliteration, masculine form is commonly rendered as realnyj, with alternative spellings such as realnij or real'nyj depending on the system.

Etymology and transliteration variants: реальный derives from the Latin realis, via French réel and other Western European sources, and was incorporated into Russian in the modern period. In transliterated Russian texts, the soft sign is indicated in different ways, yielding realnyj, real'nyj, or real'nye for the plural form.

Usage in science and culture: In mathematics, реальные числа are the real numbers. The term also appears widely in journalism, technology, and culture to distinguish genuine or practical aspects from fictional or theoretical ones, such as реальная реальность (physical reality) versus virtual representations.

See also: Real numbers, real world, реальный (Russian word).