radiatorene

Radiatorene are heat exchangers used in space heating systems to transfer thermal energy from a heat source to a room. In hydronic systems, hot water or steam circulates through metal sections, releasing heat by radiation and convection. In electric installations, radiators generate heat directly by electrical resistance. In Norwegian and some other languages, radiatorene is the definite plural form; in English, radiators is used.

Common forms include cast iron column radiators, steel panel radiators, and aluminum variants. Cast iron radiators retain heat longer after the heating is turned off, panel radiators are lighter and respond quickly, and aluminum radiators are often compact and efficient. Radiators are typically connected to a central heating circuit, but electric radiators operate independently.

Operation and efficiency: heat is transferred from the radiator surface to the surrounding air, aided by natural or forced convection. Efficiency depends on surface area, the temperature of the heating medium, and room insulation. Modern systems use low-temperature designs and thermostatic radiator valves to regulate individual room temperatures and improve energy use. Regular maintenance includes bleeding to release trapped air, and checking for leaks and corrosion.

History and context: radiators became widespread with the development of central heating in the 19th and 20th centuries. Today they are commonly used in homes and offices, often alongside other heating methods such as underfloor heating or heat pumps. The terminology varies by language, but the function remains the same: to deliver controllable heat to indoor spaces.