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Quality control is a systematic process employed by organizations to ensure that products and services meet specified standards and satisfy customer expectations. It involves the inspection, testing, and evaluation of materials, components, and finished goods throughout the production cycle. The primary goal of quality control is to identify defects or deviations from quality standards and rectify them before products reach consumers.

The process typically includes defining quality criteria, establishing testing procedures, and implementing monitoring systems. Techniques such as statistical process control (SPC), inspection, and sampling are commonly used to assess conformity. Quality control can be implemented at various stages, from raw material inspection to final product testing, ensuring consistency and reliability.

Effective quality control relies on clear documentation, precise specifications, and trained personnel. It often complements quality assurance, which encompasses broader organizational policies and proactive measures to prevent defects. Together, these practices help organizations improve efficiency, reduce waste, and enhance customer satisfaction.

International standards, such as those established by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), provide guidelines for quality control processes across industries. Many companies adopt these standards to demonstrate compliance and enhance credibility.

While quality control aims to detect and correct issues, it does not eliminate the possibility of defects but minimizes their occurrence and impact. Continuous improvement methodologies, like Six Sigma and Total Quality Management, further support organizations in refining their quality control systems over time.

Overall, quality control is a crucial component of modern manufacturing and service delivery, contributing to product consistency, safety, and customer trust in an increasingly competitive global market.