qissas

Qissas, also spelled qissa or kissa, refers to a genre of narrative or story, particularly prevalent in South Asian literature, especially in Urdu and Punjabi languages. These narratives often possess a romantic, epic, or historical character, drawing inspiration from folklore, legend, and sometimes religious or quasi-religious sources. The term itself is derived from the Arabic word "qissah," meaning story or tale.

The tradition of qissas has a long history, evolving through oral traditions and eventually finding expression in written form. Many qissas are characterized by their lyrical quality, intricate plotlines, and the use of poetic language. They often feature heroic protagonists, noble heroines, tragic love affairs, and moral lessons. Common themes include bravery, loyalty, sacrifice, and the triumph of good over evil, though often with a poignant or bittersweet conclusion.

Notable examples of qissas include "Qissa-e-Yusuf," a popular narrative based on the biblical and Quranic story of Joseph, and various romantic epics like "Heer Ranjha" or "Sohni Mahiwal," which, while often classified as romances, share many structural and thematic elements with the broader qissa tradition. The qissa form has played a significant role in shaping the literary landscape of the Indian subcontinent, contributing to a rich cultural heritage of storytelling.