przeprowadzono

Przeprowadzono is a form of the Polish verb przeprowadzić, used in the past tense to express that something was carried out, conducted, or performed. It conveys a completed action and is typically employed in formal or written contexts, such as reports, studies, or official communications. The meaning encompasses activities like conducting experiments, surveys, procedures, interviews, or inspections.

Grammatically, przeprowadzono is the past tense passive voice, third-person neuter singular. The subject of the action is usually not stated explicitly and is inferred from context (for example, badania, procedura, wywiady). The agent (the doer) can be mentioned with a by-phrase, for example przeprowadzono przez zespół badaczy, but more often the agent remains implicit in an impersonal construction.

The prefix prze- with the verb prowadzić (to lead, to conduct) yields przeprowadzić, meaning to carry out or to conduct through to completion. In contrast, the imperfective counterpart przeprowadzać would form phrases like przeprowadzano to describe ongoing or repeated past actions, while przeprowadzono emphasizes a completed instance.

Usage notes: przeprowadzono appears frequently in scientific, administrative, and policy texts. It is suitable for presenting results or procedures in a neutral, objective tone, focusing on the occurrence of the action rather than on the actor.

Examples:

- Badania przeprowadzono w dwóch etapach.

- Procedurę przeprowadzono zgodnie z wytycznymi.

See also: przeprowadzić, passive voice in Polish, perfective aspect.