protonaation
Protonaation, more commonly spelled protonation, refers to the chemical process of adding a proton (H+) to a molecule or ion, yielding its conjugate acid. In most chemical literature the term protonation is used; protonaation is a nonstandard variant.
Protonation occurs at atoms with lone pairs or π electrons, such as amines (to give ammonium), alcohols
The protonation state of a molecule depends on pH relative to the pKa of its basic sites.
Consequences of protonation include changes in charge, solubility, and reactivity. For example, protonation of amines forms
Biology and catalysis also rely on protonation states. The protonation of amino acid residues influences protein
Measurement and applications often involve determining pKa values, acid-base titrations, NMR observations, or computational predictions to