propbuilding

Propbuilding is the craft of designing and constructing objects used in film, theater, television, and live events. Props range from hand props that actors handle, such as tools, books, or weapons, to set props that decorate environments. Props may be functional, where an item performs an action on screen, or purely aesthetic. Prop departments work to match the production's period, style, and practical constraints, while ensuring safety, continuity, and reliability for performers.

Builders use a variety of materials, including wood, foam, plastics, resins, metal, and composites. Common techniques include carving, sculpting, molding and casting, 3D printing, painting, aging, weathering, and basic electrical or pneumatic effects for functional props. Finishing often involves weathering to read correctly on camera and dressing to blend with the set. Safety and regulatory considerations include proper PPE, ventilation, fire resistance, and adherence to weapon and prop regulations.

Workflow typically begins with a design brief and concept art, followed by prototypes, fabrication, and on-set integration. The propmaster or prop designer oversees asset creation, with fabricators and artists performing specialized tasks. On set, props are managed by a prop supervisor to maintain continuity and ensure secure handling. Maintenance and repair are ongoing, especially for reusable items. The field overlaps with special effects, prop houses, and production design.