presessional

Presessional, often written pre-sessional, refers to preparatory programs offered by universities or language schools designed to prepare students for entry into a degree program. These short, intensive courses typically run before the start of the academic term and target speakers of other languages who have conditional offers or need to improve academic English and study skills.

Content usually combines English language development with academic-skills training. Common elements include academic writing, reading and critical analysis, listening and note-taking, oral presentations, citation and avoiding plagiarism, library and information literacy, and study skills such as time management and critical thinking. Some programs are general English for university readiness; others are subject-specific, focusing on a field such as science, engineering, business, or social sciences.

Duration varies widely, from about 2 to 12 weeks or longer, depending on the student's language level and the program. Completion is typically required for progression to the degree program; many institutions provide a certificate and some offer a conditionally unconditional offer upon successful completion. Assessment may include coursework assignments, examinations, portfolios, and attendance.

Presessional programs are common in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries, as well as in the United States and Australia, especially for international students. They may be bundled into tuition or charged separately. Visa requirements for international students may specify attendance and enrollment in a presessional course.

The term is often hyphenated as pre-sessional; both spellings are in use. Presessional programs are sometimes described as bridging or pathway courses within a university's international admissions framework.