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Pragmatism is a philosophical movement that originated in the United States in the late 19th century. It emphasizes practical consequences and the value of experience in determining truth and validity. Pragmatists believe that the meaning of an idea or belief is to be found in its practical consequences, rather than in its inherent nature or logical structure. This approach is often summarized by the phrase "the meaning of a concept is its practical consequences."

Key figures in the development of pragmatism include Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, and John Dewey. Peirce, often referred to as the "father of pragmatism," introduced the concept of pragmatism in his essay "How to Make Our Ideas Clear." James expanded on Peirce's ideas in his influential work "Pragmatism: A New Name for Some Old Ways of Thinking." Dewey further developed pragmatism, particularly in his educational philosophy, which emphasized the importance of experience and practical problem-solving.

Pragmatism has had a significant influence on various fields, including philosophy, education, and social sciences. It has been applied to issues such as ethics, logic, and the nature of knowledge. Pragmatists argue that the truth of a belief should be judged by its practical utility and effectiveness in guiding action and solving problems.

Despite its influence, pragmatism has also faced criticism. Some philosophers argue that it undermines the traditional distinction between truth and falsity, while others contend that it is too focused on practical consequences and neglects theoretical considerations. However, pragmatism remains a vibrant and influential philosophical movement, continuing to shape contemporary thought and discourse.