pozorny

Pozorny is a Polish adjective describing something that exists in appearance rather than in reality. It is used for qualities, actions, or attitudes that are feigned or misleading, emphasizing the surface rather than the underlying truth. Common usages include pozorna uprzejmość (feigned courtesy) and pozorne zyski (ostensible gains). In general, pozorny carries a critical or skeptical nuance, signaling that what is observed may not reflect what is true.

Etymology and forms: The word derives from the noun pozór, meaning appearance or semblance. The standard inflections are pozorny (masc), pozorna (fem), and pozorne (neut/pl). The related adverb is pozornie, meaning ostensibly or apparently. The noun pozór appears in expressions such as pozory mylą, literally “appearances mislead.”

Usage notes: Pozorny is common in literary, journalistic, and formal prose, where writers wish to indicate that a given display or motive is only superficially convincing. It often contrasts with terms that denote reality or genuineness, such as prawdziwy (true) or rzeczywisty (real). The word can modify people, actions, situations, or intentions, and it can appear in discussions of ethics, politics, or social interactions.

Surname use: Pozorny also exists as a Polish surname. In this context, it does not imply any of its adjectival senses but serves as a family name.

See also: pozór (appearance), pozory mylą (appearances mislead), pozornie (ostensibly).