povidonjodi

Povidone-iodine, often abbreviated as PVP-I, is a complex formed between polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and elemental iodine. It is a widely used antiseptic and disinfectant. The PVP component acts as a solubilizer for iodine, which is the active antimicrobial agent. Upon application, the PVP-iodine complex slowly releases free iodine, which then exerts its germicidal effect by oxidizing essential cellular components of microorganisms, including proteins and nucleic acids, leading to their death.

Povidone-iodine is effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. It is commonly found in topical preparations such as solutions, ointments, and powders. Its primary uses include skin preparation before surgery or injections, wound disinfection, and treatment of minor cuts, scrapes, and burns. It is also used as a vaginal douche and for gargling in some preparations.

The advantage of povidone-iodine over plain iodine solutions is its lower incidence of skin irritation and staining. It also has a longer shelf life and is less prone to volatilization. However, it can still cause allergic reactions in some individuals. Prolonged or extensive use, especially on large denuded surfaces, may lead to systemic absorption of iodine, which could affect thyroid function, particularly in individuals with pre-existing thyroid conditions or in newborns.