potter

A potter is a craftsman who makes ceramic wares by shaping clay and firing it in a kiln. Pottery is one of the oldest human crafts, with vessels serving practical needs such as storage and cooking as well as ritual and artistic purposes.

Forming methods include wheel throwing and hand-building techniques such as pinching, coiling, and slab work. After shaping, wares are dried, bisque-fired to drive off water, then glazed and fired again to vitrify the surface.

The main types of clay are earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain, each fired at different temperatures. Glazes add color and texture and also seal porous surfaces.

Historically, pottery developed independently around the world. In the 20th century, the studio pottery movement emphasized individual expression and craftsmanship, with influential figures such as Bernard Leach, Shoji Hamada, and Magdalene Odundo.

In contemporary craft, potters balance traditional techniques with experimentation. Many work in studios or small workshops, producing functional wares as well as sculptural pieces, and some participate in galleries or online marketplaces.