postihující

Postihující is a Czech present active participle derived from the verb postihovat, meaning to affect, to inflict, or to strike. In use, it denotes something that causes an effect on another entity. The participle is typically translated as "affecting" or "that affects" in English and is commonly used in medical, sociological, and legal contexts to describe factors, conditions, or diseases.

Grammatically, postihující functions as an adjective or attributive participle. It agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case and is usually placed directly before the noun or in a dependent clause. Because it is a present active participle, it emphasizes the ongoing action of affecting rather than a completed state. It can appear in phrases such as postihující choroba (a disease that affects), postihující faktory (affecting factors), or postihující vlivy (influences that affect).

Examples:

- Postihující nemoc zasahuje především starší osoby.

- Mezi postihující faktory patří nízká hygiena a špatné životní podmínky.

- Sociální a ekonomické postihující vlivy mohou zhoršit prognózu.

Relation to other forms: postihující contrasts with postihnutý, the passive participle meaning “affected” or “stricken.” While postihující describes a causing factor, postihnutý describes the entity that has been affected. The term is more common in formal or technical writing and may appear in legal, epidemiological, or policy analyses where precise description of causal relationships is required.

Etymology: from postihovat, with the suffix -ující forming the present active participle, signaling ongoing action of affecting something.