polyfosfaattiketjuina
Polyphosphate chains (polyfosfaattiketjuina) are linear oligomers composed of orthophosphate units linked by phosphoanhydride bonds. The chain length can vary from a few phosphate residues (short polyphosphates) to several hundred or more (long polyphosphates). The phosphoanhydride bond gives these molecules high energy density, enabling them to act as phosphate donors in biochemical reactions and as intracellular energy reserves.
In biological systems, polyphosphates serve diverse functions. In bacteria, they act as reservoirs of phosphate and
Industrial and commercial uses of polyphosphates stem from their chemical versatility. They are employed as water‑softening
Environmental considerations include biodegradability and potential ecological impacts. Bacterial polyphosphate kinase and phosphatase systems regulate natural