platinumII

Platinum(II) refers to the oxidation state +2 of platinum, written Pt(II). In coordination chemistry, Pt(II) centers are typically four‑coordinate and adopt a square‑planar geometry, consistent with a d8 electronic configuration. This geometry leads to distinct cis/trans isomerism when two different ligands can occupy adjacent or opposite sites.

Ligands commonly bound to Pt(II) include halides such as chloride, amines such as ammonia, phosphines, and soft sulfur donors. Many four‑coordinate Pt(II) complexes are described as PtL2X2 or PtL2Y, where L denotes a LE donor ligand and X or Y represents a halide or another mono‑ or multidentate ligand. Chelating ligands, particularly bidentate carboxylates, are also frequent in Pt(II) chemistry, giving stable square‑planar complexes.

Notable platinum(II) compounds include several anticancer drugs. Cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin are Pt(II) complexes that function in part through aquation and subsequent binding to DNA, disrupting replication and triggering cell death. Their effectiveness and side‑effect profiles have driven extensive research into Pt(II) pharmacology, resistance mechanisms, and new derivatives.

Beyond medicine, Pt(II) complexes serve as catalysts in organic synthesis. Their square‑planar geometry and ligand‑exchange capabilities enable transformations such as hydrofunctionalization and various carbon–heteroatom bond-forming reactions. Synthesis of Pt(II) complexes typically proceeds from Pt(II) precursors (for example, PtCl2(NH3)2 or related salts) via ligand substitution under appropriate conditions.

Safety and handling considerations apply to Pt(II) compounds, as many are toxic and should be managed with proper procedures and disposal.