pivlastovací

Přivlastňovací is an adjective derived from the Czech verb přivlastnit, meaning to appropriate or claim ownership of something that belongs to another. In Czech legal language it describes acts, rights or processes connected with acquiring ownership by taking possession or asserting ownership over another’s property. The term is most often found in doctrinal, historical, or descriptive contexts rather than as a formal category within current civil law.

In practice, the act of přivlastnění cizí věci—appropriating another person’s property—is regarded as an unlawful conduct. Depending on the circumstances, such conduct can constitute different legal offenses or civil liabilities, such as theft, fraud, or another form of wrongful appropriation under criminal or civil law. The exact classification and penalties are defined by the applicable provisions of the criminal code and civil law.

Modern Czech civil law does not recognize přivlastňovací as a formal, standalone mode of acquiring ownership. Instead, ownership is typically acquired through recognized routes such as voluntary transfer by contract, gift, inheritance, or by lawful prescription (nabytí vydržením). The term is therefore more likely to appear in academic discussion, legal history, or argumentation about possession and ownership rather than as a commonly used legal mechanism today.

In property disputes, the concept may be invoked descriptively to describe actions whereby a person asserts ownership through possession, dispossession, or improper seizure, potentially giving rise to civil remedies to restore the rightful ownership or to compensate for damages. See also přivlastnění cizí věci, vydržení, and Občanský zákoník (Civil Code).