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phosphorusbased

Phosphorus-based is a broad descriptor used for chemical substances, materials, and systems in which phosphorus is a defining element. The term encompasses inorganic phosphorus compounds, organophosphorus compounds, and phosphorus-containing polymers and materials. Phosphorus can adopt several oxidation states, most notably +5 in phosphates and +3 in phosphites and phosphonates, and −3 in certain organophosphorus species. This diversity gives phosphorus-based chemistry wide-ranging applications across industry, agriculture, and academia.

Inorganic phosphorus compounds include phosphates (such as orthophosphate and polyphosphates), phosphoric acids and esters, phosphides, and

Organophosphorus compounds form a large class where phosphorus is bonded to carbon. They include phosphines, phosphor

Phosphorus-containing polymers, such as polyphosphazenes and phosphate-containing polyesters, are studied for fire resistance, flame retardancy, and

Environmental and safety considerations include the role of phosphorus in eutrophication when phosphate runoff enters water

related
oxides.
They
are
central
to
fertilizers,
water
treatment,
and
catalysis.
Phosphates
serve
as
nutrient
sources
in
agriculture
and
as
buffering
agents,
while
phosphoric
esters
and
anhydrides
are
widely
used
in
specialty
chemicals
and
as
flame-retardant
components.
esters,
phosphoranes,
and
phosphazenes.
These
materials
are
used
as
ligands
in
catalysis,
flame
retardants
for
polymers,
plasticizers,
and
as
active
ingredients
in
pesticides.
Some
organophosphorus
reagents
are
essential
in
biology
and
medicine,
while
others
are
subject
to
strict
regulatory
control
due
to
toxicity.
high-temperature
stability.
Phosphorus-based
materials
are
also
explored
in
energy
storage
and
electronics,
including
battery
electrodes
and
electrolytes
where
phosphorus-containing
compounds
can
enhance
performance
and
safety.
systems,
and
the
toxicity
of
certain
organophosphorus
compounds
to
humans
and
wildlife.
Phosphorus
supply
is
tied
to
mining
of
phosphate
rock,
and
sustainable
use
emphasizes
recycling,
efficient
application
in
agriculture,
and
regulatory
controls
on
hazardous
substances.