petroleumjelly

Petroleum jelly, also known as petrolatum or white petrolatum, is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbon molecules derived from petroleum. It is highly refined, colorless or pale yellow, and has a waxy, greasy texture. In medicine and cosmetics it functions as an occlusive skin protectant and moisturizer, forming a barrier that reduces water loss.

The substance was popularized in the 19th century after chemist Robert Chesebrough observed oil workers using 'rod wax' to treat wounds. He refined the material into a purer product and began selling it in the 1870s under the brand Vaseline. Since then, it has remained widely used in households and industry.

Petroleum jelly is manufactured by refining crude oil and removing impurities. It is sold as white petrolatum (colorless) or yellow petrolatum (less refined). The core of the product is a mixture of long-chain hydrocarbons; exact formulations vary by manufacturer and grade, influencing odor, color, and melting point.

Common uses include moisturizing dry skin, protecting minor cuts and chafed areas, lip care, and diaper rash prevention. It is also used as a lubricant in mechanical and cosmetic contexts and as a barrier in after-sun care or cosmetic application to reduce friction.

Safety and handling: petroleum jelly is generally considered safe for external use. It should not be applied to deep wounds or infected skin, and it should be kept clean to avoid contamination. While it is non-toxic if ingested in small amounts, it should not be purposely consumed. People with oily or acne-prone skin should use cautiously, as it can clog pores for some individuals.

Regulatory status: In the United States, petrolatum is approved as a skin protectant ingredient in over-the-counter products and is regulated for purity to ensure removal of harmful impurities. Internationally, it is widely used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical preparations.