peroxidecontaining

Peroxide-containing compounds are chemical substances that feature one or more peroxide functional groups, typically an O–O single bond. They occur in two broad classes: inorganic peroxides such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium peroxide (Na2O2), and calcium peroxide (CaO2); and organic peroxides in which the O–O bond links two hydrocarbon moieties (RO–O–OR').

Hydrogen peroxide is widely used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent, and as an oxidizer in chemical synthesis. Organic peroxides (for example benzoyl peroxide, tert‑butyl peroxide, di‑tert‑butyl peroxide) are common polymerization initiators; they generate radicals upon heating or initiation, starting polymer chains. Inorganic peroxides serve as oxidants in chemical synthesis and in environmental remediation, as well as oxidants in industrial processes and some agricultural applications.

Properties and hazards: The O–O bond is relatively weak and peroxide decomposition is exothermic, releasing oxygen and reactive radicals. Peroxides can be unstable and sensitive to heat, shock, friction, or contaminants. Organic peroxides in particular may be highly shock-sensitive and incompatible with fuels or reducing agents. Many organic solvents (such as ethers) can form explosive peroxides over time, making storage and handling safety concerns critical.

Safety and handling: Peroxide materials are typically classified as oxidizers and should be stored away from heat, metal catalysts, reducing agents, and organic materials. They require compatible containers, cool storage, and, when appropriate, stabilizers or inhibitors. Regular inspection for decomposition and adherence to local disposal guidelines are important for safety.

This article provides a concise overview of peroxide-containing compounds, emphasizing their structural classes, common examples, applications, and safety considerations.