penghapus

Penghapus is a word of Malay and Indonesian origin that translates to "eraser" in English. It refers to an object used to remove marks, typically made by pencil, ink, or chalk. Erasers are commonly found in stationery sets and are essential tools for students, artists, and anyone who works with writing or drawing instruments.

The most common type of eraser is made of rubber or vinyl and works by friction. As the eraser is rubbed against the paper, it picks up the graphite or ink particles, lifting them from the surface. Different types of erasers exist, each designed for specific purposes. Pencil erasers are usually soft and pliable, suitable for removing graphite marks without damaging the paper. Ink erasers are often harder and more abrasive, capable of removing ink, but they can also be more likely to tear the paper. Kneaded erasers, made of a pliable rubber compound, are often used by artists as they can lift graphite or charcoal without smudging and can be molded into different shapes for precise erasing.

The invention of the modern eraser is credited to Hyman Lipman in 1770, although earlier forms existed. Over time, the materials and manufacturing processes for erasers have evolved, leading to the wide variety of erasers available today. They remain a simple yet indispensable tool in education and creative endeavors.