peensoolesüsteemi

Peensoolesüsteemi, often referred to as the small intestine, is a vital organ within the digestive tract of humans and many other animals. Its primary function is to absorb nutrients and minerals from the food we consume. This long, coiled tube extends from the stomach to the large intestine and is characterized by its highly folded inner surface, which is covered in villi and microvilli. These structures dramatically increase the surface area available for nutrient absorption.

The small intestine is divided into three main sections: the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum. The duodenum receives partially digested food from the stomach and plays a crucial role in chemical digestion with the help of enzymes and bile. The jejunum is the primary site for the absorption of most nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals. The ileum, the final section, continues to absorb nutrients, particularly vitamin B12 and bile salts, before passing the remaining indigestible material to the large intestine.

The digestive process within the small intestine involves both mechanical and chemical actions. Peristalsis, the muscular contractions of the intestinal wall, moves food along. Enzymes from the pancreas and the intestinal lining, along with bile from the liver, break down complex food molecules into simpler substances that can be absorbed into the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Conditions affecting the peensoolesüsteemi can lead to malabsorption and various digestive disorders.