partitiivikomplementti

Partitiivikomplementti is a grammatical term in Finnish linguistics that refers to a partitive case complement. The partitive case is used in Finnish to express incompleteness, indefiniteness, or a part of something. A partitive complement typically follows a verb or adjective and completes its meaning, often indicating the object of an action or a state.

Verbs that commonly take a partitive complement include those expressing feelings, existence, or the beginning/end of an action. For instance, in the sentence "Minä näen talon" (I see a house), "talon" is in the partitive case and functions as the partitive complement of the verb "näen" (see). This indicates that the entire house might not be in view, or the seeing is an ongoing action. Other verbs like "rakastaa" (to love), "haluta" (to want), and "odottaa" (to wait) frequently govern partitive complements.

Adjectives can also be followed by partitive complements, especially when describing a quantity or a state. For example, "Hän on väsynyt" (He/She is tired) uses the partitive "väsynyt" to describe the state of being tired. If the adjective refers to something that is partially affected, the partitive is often used.

The partitive complement is a crucial element in Finnish sentence structure, contributing to the nuanced expression of completed vs. incomplete actions, and the nature of the object or state being described. Understanding its usage is key to mastering Finnish grammar.