partikelfilters

Partikelfilters, or particulate filters, are devices designed to remove particulate matter from exhaust gases or ambient air. They are widely used in automotive engineering, industrial filtration, and consumer air-filter products.

In automotive applications, diesel particulate filters trap soot from diesel exhaust to reduce emissions of fine particulates. Gasoline-powered vehicles may use gasoline particulate filters in regions where standards require them. The filters typically consist of a porous substrate arranged in a honeycomb pattern, with soot collecting on the walls while exhaust passes through.

Common materials include cordierite ceramics and silicon carbide ceramics, chosen for heat resistance and durability. Filtration efficiency depends on particle size, flow conditions, and filter design. Some systems include catalyst coatings to promote oxidation of trapped soot and support regeneration.

Regeneration is the process of burning off accumulated soot. Passive regeneration relies on exhaust heat, while active regeneration adds heat through fuel injection or electrical heaters. If regeneration is inadequate, backpressure rises, reducing engine efficiency and fuel economy. Ash from lubricating oil can accumulate and requires servicing.

Beyond vehicles, partikelfilters are used in industrial air cleaners, HVAC systems, cabin air filters in cars, and consumer air purifiers. They may be mechanical barriers that physically trap particles or electrostatic filters that attract charged particles. The deployment of partikelfilters reduces ambient particulate matter and helps meet air-quality standards.