paronykniitti

Paronychia is a common skin infection that affects the fingernails or toenails. It is an inflammation of the nail fold, the skin that surrounds the nail. This infection can occur suddenly (acute paronychia) or develop gradually over time (chronic paronychia).

Acute paronychia is typically caused by bacteria, most commonly Staphylococcus aureus. It often starts after minor trauma to the nail fold, such as a hangnail being picked, a paper cut, or a manicure. Symptoms include redness, swelling, pain, and warmth around the nail. A pus-filled blister or abscess may form.

Chronic paronychia is usually caused by irritants or allergens, and can be associated with prolonged exposure to water or chemicals. It is more common in people whose hands are frequently wet, such as dishwashers, nurses, or bartenders. Symptoms tend to be less severe than in acute paronychia and may include persistent redness, mild swelling, itching, and sometimes a slight discharge. Fungal infections, particularly Candida, can also contribute to chronic paronychia.

Diagnosis is usually based on the appearance of the affected nail. Treatment for acute paronychia often involves warm compresses and, if an abscess has formed, drainage of the pus. Antibiotics may be prescribed. Chronic paronychia requires identifying and avoiding the causative irritant or allergen. Topical antifungal or steroid creams may be used to manage inflammation and infection. Maintaining good hygiene and avoiding trauma to the nail folds are important preventive measures.