parasümpatilisel

Parasümpatilisel, more commonly known as parasympathetic, refers to a division of the autonomic nervous system. This system controls involuntary bodily functions. The autonomic nervous system is divided into two main branches: the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems. The parasympathetic nervous system is often described as the "rest and digest" system, as it promotes relaxation and conserves energy. It plays a crucial role in slowing heart rate, lowering blood pressure, stimulating digestion, and increasing intestinal and glandular activity. It also constricts pupils and causes the bladder to contract.

The parasympathetic nervous system originates from the brainstem and the sacral region of the spinal cord. Its primary neurotransmitter is acetylcholine. This system counterbalances the effects of the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, preparing the body for action. For example, while the sympathetic system speeds up the heart rate, the parasympathetic system slows it down. Similarly, the sympathetic system inhibits digestion, whereas the parasympathetic system enhances it. The balance between these two systems is vital for maintaining homeostasis, the body's stable internal environment. Disruptions in parasympathetic function can lead to various health issues, including digestive disorders and cardiovascular problems.