paranasaalielinten

Paranasaalielinten, commonly known as paranasal sinuses, are air-filled cavities within the bones of the skull that surround the nasal cavity. They are lined with a mucous membrane that is continuous with the lining of the nasal passages. These sinuses are named based on the cranial bones they are located in: the frontal sinuses (in the forehead), the ethmoid sinuses (between the eyes), the sphenoid sinuses (behind the nose), and the maxillary sinuses (in the cheekbones).

The exact function of paranasal sinuses is not fully understood, but several theories exist. They are thought to lighten the weight of the skull, contribute to vocal resonance, and humidify and warm inhaled air. Additionally, they may play a role in immune defense by trapping and removing foreign particles and pathogens. The mucus produced by the sinus lining is drained into the nasal cavity through small openings called ostia.

Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, known as sinusitis, is a common condition that can be caused by infections (viral, bacterial, or fungal), allergies, or structural abnormalities. Symptoms of sinusitis can include facial pain or pressure, nasal congestion, a runny nose, reduced sense of smell, and sometimes fever. Treatment for sinusitis depends on the underlying cause and may involve decongestants, nasal corticosteroids, antibiotics, or surgical intervention in chronic or severe cases.