parallelplatekondensaattori

A parallel plate capacitor is a fundamental electronic component consisting of two conductive plates separated by a dielectric material. The plates are typically made of metal, such as aluminum or copper, and are arranged parallel to each other. The dielectric, which can be air, mica, ceramic, or a polymer, acts as an insulator, preventing direct current flow between the plates.

The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is determined by the area of the plates, the distance between them, and the permittivity of the dielectric material. A larger plate area or a dielectric with higher permittivity increases the capacitance. Conversely, increasing the distance between the plates decreases the capacitance. The formula for capacitance (C) is given by C = (ε * A) / d, where ε is the permittivity of the dielectric, A is the area of one plate, and d is the distance between the plates.

When a voltage is applied across the plates, electric charge accumulates on each plate, with one plate becoming positively charged and the other negatively charged. This stored energy in the electric field between the plates is the capacitor's primary function. Parallel plate capacitors are widely used in electronic circuits for various purposes, including energy storage, filtering, tuning, and coupling signals. Their simplicity and predictable behavior make them essential building blocks in many electronic devices.