pantebrev

A pantebrev, also known as a "pantheon letter" or "pantheon epistle," is a type of literary composition that originated in the 17th century as a playful and satirical form of correspondence. The term derives from the Latin *pantheon*, meaning "all gods," reflecting the mock-heroic or exaggerated style in which these letters were often written. Pantebrevs typically mimic the grand, formal tone of classical epistolary works, such as those of Cicero or Pliny the Younger, but apply it to trivial, mundane, or humorous subjects.

The form gained popularity in England during the Restoration period, particularly among writers like Samuel Butler, whose *Hudibras* (1663) and *The Pantheon* (1663) helped establish the style. A pantebrev would often pretend to be a letter from a mythological figure, a historical personage, or even an inanimate object, discussing contemporary events or personal matters with exaggerated solemnity. For example, a letter from Jupiter might lament the state of modern politics or from a chair might complain about its treatment by a careless owner.

The humor in pantebrevs relies on the contrast between the elevated language and the absurd or trivial content, often exposing societal hypocrisy or absurdity. While the form declined after the 18th century, it remains a notable example of satirical literature and a precursor to later forms of parody and mock-epistolary writing. Scholars and literary historians study pantebrevs as a reflection of the cultural attitudes of the Restoration era, particularly the blending of classical tradition with contemporary wit.