pHmõõturit

A pHmõõturit, or pH meter, is an electronic instrument used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It works by measuring the electrical potential difference between a pH electrode and a reference electrode. This potential difference is directly related to the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution, which determines its pH.

The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Values below 7 indicate an acidic solution, while values above 7 indicate an alkaline or basic solution. pHmõõturit are essential tools in various fields, including chemistry, biology, environmental science, agriculture, and food production. They are used for quality control, research, and monitoring of chemical processes.

A typical pHmõõturit consists of a probe (the electrode assembly) and a meter. The probe usually contains a glass electrode sensitive to hydrogen ions and a reference electrode that provides a stable potential. When immersed in a solution, ions in the solution interact with the glass membrane, generating a voltage that the meter interprets and displays as a pH value. Calibration is crucial for accurate readings, usually performed with buffer solutions of known pH. Regular maintenance, such as proper storage of the electrode and cleaning, ensures the longevity and reliability of the pHmõõturit.