oxidecontaining

Oxidecontaining refers to substances whose composition includes oxide groups or oxide ions, typically O2−. The more common spelling is oxide-containing, but oxidecontaining is sometimes used in labeling or shorthand. In inorganic chemistry this concept spans simple binary metal oxides such as Fe2O3 or MgO, complex oxides with layered or lattice structures (perovskites, spinels), and oxide-containing minerals like silicates and phosphates. The term also covers materials where oxide is part of a composite or framework, including many glasses and ceramics.

Metal and non-metal oxides illustrate the scope. Simple oxides include binary oxides MO and M2O3, while non-stoichiometric and doped oxides extend this variety. Non-metal oxides such as carbon dioxide and sulfur trioxide are also considered oxide-containing. Silicates, aluminates, and phosphates form extended oxide networks in minerals and ceramics. Consequently, oxide-containing materials include ceramics, glasses, oxide catalysts, and oxide-based electronic materials.

Properties depend on composition and structure. Many oxide materials exhibit high thermal stability and melting points; most are insulators, but some show ionic conductivity, ferroelectricity, or superconductivity within oxide families. The oxide framework and the chemistry of the cations govern band gaps, catalytic activity, hardness, and chemical resistance. Characterization typically uses X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy, and electron microscopy.

Natural oxides occur as minerals such as hematite and quartz, while synthetic oxides are produced by solid-state reactions, sol–gel processes, precipitation, or hydrothermal methods. Adjusting oxygen content, valence states, and structure enables tuning of electrical, magnetic, and catalytic properties.

Applications span catalysis, electronics, energy storage and conversion, coatings, and construction materials. Oxide-containing materials are central to materials science and inorganic chemistry due to their abundance, versatility, and wide range of functional properties.