otsustanud

Otsustanud is an Estonian past participle form of the verb otsustama, meaning "to decide." Morphologically it is formed with the perfect participle suffix -nud attached to the verb stem and is used both in compound tenses and as a verbal adjective. In finite tenses it commonly appears with the auxiliary verb olema to form the perfect: "on otsustanud" (has decided).

As a grammatical form, otsustanud functions in several roles: as part of the perfect aspect (e.g., Ta on otsustanud loobuda — He/she has decided to give up), as an attributive participle modifying a noun (otsustanud liider — a leader who has decided), and in participial clauses to indicate a completed action relative to the main clause. It often conveys finality or completion of the decision-making process.

Etymologically, the verb otsustama derives from the noun otsus ("decision") plus the verb-forming suffix -tama; otsustanud therefore literally denotes someone or something that has made a decision. Synonyms and near-synonyms depend on context and can include väljendanud otsust (expressed a decision) or langetanud otsuse (made a ruling).

Examples:

- Ta on otsustanud reisile minna. (He/she has decided to go on the trip.)

- Otsustanud meeskond alustas tööd kohe. (The team that had decided started work immediately.)