väljendanud

Väljendanud is an Estonian word that functions as the past active participle of the verb väljendada, meaning to express, convey, or articulate. As a participle, väljendanud denotes someone who has expressed something or something that has been expressed by someone. In sentences it is commonly used with the auxiliary verb olema to form perfect tenses, for example: Ta on väljendanud oma seisukohta.

Grammatically, väljendanud can also serve as a participial modifier describing a noun, indicating that the described subject has expressed a particular idea or opinion. This usage is typical in more formal or written Estonian. The form is part of a broader system of participles in Estonian, which includes the present active participle väljendav (expressing) and the past passive participle väljendatud (expressed).

Etymology and word formation: väljendanud is formed from the verb stem väljenda- plus the participial suffix -nud, following Estonian patterns for active past participles. The related verb väljendada provides the core meaning, while other forms such as väljendada, väljendav, and väljendatud extend the range of grammatical and stylistic usage.

Usage considerations: In everyday speech, speakers may opt for simpler constructions such as on väljendanud or have expressed equivalents within a clause, depending on register. Väljendanud is more common in written Estonian, including journalism, academic writing, and formal discourse, where precise attribution of an expressed thought or opinion is required.