oftalmoszkópiában

Oftalmoszkópia is a medical examination technique used to visualize the interior of the eye, specifically the retina, optic disc, and blood vessels. It is performed using an instrument called an ophthalmoscope. There are two main types: direct ophthalmoscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy. Direct ophthalmoscopy provides a magnified, upright view of a smaller area of the retina. Indirect ophthalmoscopy, often performed with a head-mounted light source and a handheld lens, offers a wider, inverted, and less magnified view of the retina, allowing for examination of the peripheral areas.

During the procedure, the examiner shines a light into the eye and looks through the ophthalmoscope. This allows for the detection of various eye conditions and systemic diseases that can manifest in the eye. Common findings observed include abnormalities of the optic disc, such as swelling (papilledema) or cupping (glaucoma), hemorrhages, exudates, and neovascularization, which can indicate conditions like diabetic retinopathy or hypertensive retinopathy.

Ophthalmoscopy is a fundamental part of a comprehensive eye examination and is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring a wide range of ocular pathologies. It is a non-invasive and relatively quick procedure, contributing significantly to the early detection and management of vision-threatening diseases.