objektrelationskartläggning

Objektrelationskartläggning, or Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) in English, is a programming technique for converting data between incompatible type systems of object-oriented programming languages and relational databases. It acts as a bridge, allowing developers to interact with database tables as if they were objects in their programming language. Instead of writing raw SQL queries, developers can use the object-oriented features of their chosen language to create, read, update, and delete data.

The core idea behind ORM is to abstract away the complexities of database interaction. An ORM framework maps classes in the object-oriented language to tables in the relational database. Each instance of a class corresponds to a row in the table, and the properties of the object map to the columns of that row. This translation process simplifies data access and manipulation, making code more readable and maintainable.

Common ORM frameworks include Hibernate for Java, SQLAlchemy for Python, and Entity Framework for C#. These frameworks handle the generation of SQL statements, connection management, and transaction handling, freeing developers from these low-level tasks. While ORM offers significant advantages in terms of developer productivity and code clarity, it's important to be aware of potential performance overheads and the complexity of mapping intricate database schemas.