nõid

Nõid is an Estonian word that translates to "witch" in English. Historically, the term referred to individuals, primarily women, who were believed to possess supernatural powers or to practice magic. These beliefs were common in various folk traditions and cultures across Europe, including Estonia. The concept of a nõid often encompassed a wide range of supposed abilities, such as healing, divination, cursing, and shapeshifting.

In Estonian folklore, nõiad were frequently depicted as figures who could interact with the spirit world, communicate with animals, and influence natural events. Their actions could be perceived as either beneficial or malevolent, depending on the context and the specific tale. Some nõiad were respected for their knowledge of herbs and healing remedies, while others were feared for their perceived ability to cause harm or misfortune.

The image of the nõid has evolved over time. While historically associated with suspicion and fear, modern interpretations in popular culture and Neo-paganism often portray them in a more neutral or even positive light, emphasizing their connection to nature, wisdom, and spiritual practices. The figure of the nõid remains a significant element in Estonian mythology and cultural identity.