névteret

A névtér, often translated as namespace, is a system that provides a way to group identifiers, such as variable names, function names, and class names, in a logical and organized manner. This prevents naming conflicts, especially in large projects or when multiple libraries are used together. Each identifier within a névtér is unique, and to access an identifier outside of its own névtér, it must be qualified with the névtér name.

The concept of névtér is fundamental in many programming languages, including C++, Python, Java, and C#. In C++, névtérs are declared using the namespace keyword. For instance, `std` is a common névtér in C++ that contains standard library components like `cout` and `cin`. In Python, modules inherently act as névtérs, and objects within a module are accessed using dot notation, such as `math.pi`.

The primary benefit of using névtérs is to avoid name collisions. Without them, two different parts of a program might try to define an identifier with the same name, leading to ambiguity and errors. By placing these identifiers within distinct névtérs, their scopes are separated, and they can coexist peacefully. This organization also improves code readability and maintainability, making it easier for developers to understand and manage complex codebases. Some languages allow for aliasing névtérs or importing specific identifiers from a névtér to simplify access.