nässprej

Nässprej, or nasal spray, is a device or pharmaceutical product designed to deliver a fine mist into the nostrils. It is used to moisturize the nasal passages, deliver medications locally, or both. Nasal sprays are available in non-medicated saline formulations and in products containing active ingredients for congestion, allergy, inflammation, or rhinorrhea.

Common types include saline sprays, decongestant sprays, corticosteroid sprays, antihistamine sprays, and anticholinergic sprays. Saline sprays help loosen and flush mucus and are typically preservative-free. Decongestant sprays (such as oxymetazoline or xylometazoline) reduce nasal swelling for short-term relief but are generally recommended only for a few days due to the risk of rebound congestion. Corticosteroid sprays (e.g., fluticasone, budesonide) have anti-inflammatory effects and are used for allergic rhinitis, nasal polyps, and chronic symptoms. Antihistamine sprays (such as azelastine) address allergy symptoms, while anticholinergic sprays (ipratropium) reduce rhinorrhea.

How a nasal spray works depends on the product. Saline aerosols moisturize and thin mucus; vasoconstrictor sprays shrink swollen nasal tissue; corticosteroids modulate inflammatory responses; antihistamines block histamine activity.

Usage and safety guidelines emphasize correct technique, priming the pump if needed, and directing spray away from the nasal septum. Decongestant sprays should not be used beyond a few consecutive days to avoid rebound congestion. Side effects can include local irritation, burning, sneezing, or dryness; systemic effects are uncommon with proper use. Availability and labeling vary by country, with some sprays sold over the counter and others by prescription. For children, pregnant individuals, or those with conditions such as nasal bleeding or surgery, consult a healthcare professional before use.