näringsbrister

Nutritional deficiencies, or näringsbrister in Swedish, occur when the body does not absorb or get enough of a specific nutrient from food. These nutrients are essential for growth, health, and preventing disease. Deficiencies can arise from inadequate intake, poor absorption, or increased needs.

Common deficiencies include iron deficiency, leading to anemia, and vitamin D deficiency, which can affect bone health and immune function. Other significant deficiencies involve B vitamins, calcium, and iodine. Symptoms vary greatly depending on the specific nutrient lacking, but can range from fatigue and weakness to more severe neurological or developmental problems.

Risk factors for developing nutritional deficiencies include restrictive diets, certain medical conditions affecting nutrient absorption (like celiac disease or Crohn's disease), pregnancy and breastfeeding (which increase nutrient demands), and age-related changes in appetite or absorption. Inadequate access to a varied diet is a primary cause globally.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and blood tests to measure nutrient levels. Treatment focuses on supplementing the deficient nutrient and addressing the underlying cause. Dietary changes are often a crucial part of long-term management. Prevention relies on consuming a balanced and varied diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.