näkökenttäpuutoksiin

Näkökenttäpuutokset, also known as visual field defects or scotomas, are areas of partial or complete vision loss in the visual field. The visual field refers to the entire area that can be seen without moving the eyes. These defects can manifest in various ways, including shadows, blind spots, or blurred vision within the visual field.

The causes of näkökenttäpuutokset are diverse and can stem from issues affecting the eye itself, the optic nerve, or the visual pathways in the brain. Common ocular causes include glaucoma, which damages the optic nerve, and macular degeneration, affecting central vision. Other eye conditions like retinal detachments or diabetic retinopathy can also lead to visual field loss.

Optic nerve damage can result from conditions such as optic neuritis or compression from tumors. Brain-related causes are often due to strokes, tumors, or injuries that affect the visual cortex or other parts of the brain responsible for processing visual information.

Symptoms can vary depending on the location and size of the defect. Some individuals may notice a gradual blurring or loss of peripheral vision, while others experience sudden or noticeable blind spots. In some cases, the defect might be so small or located in an area of the visual field that is not frequently used, leading to the individual being unaware of it until it is detected during an eye examination. Diagnosis typically involves visual field testing, such as perimetry, which maps out the sensitivity of different parts of the visual field. Treatment strategies depend on the underlying cause and aim to manage the condition, slow its progression, or, if possible, restore lost vision.