nyálkahártyák

Nyálkahártyák, often translated as mucous membranes, are thin layers of tissue that line various internal cavities and passageways of the body. They are a crucial part of the body's protective barrier system. These membranes secrete mucus, a slippery, protective substance that lubricates and moistens surfaces, preventing them from drying out. The mucus also traps foreign particles, such as dust and bacteria, helping to prevent infection.

Nyálkahártyák are found in numerous locations throughout the body, including the respiratory tract, the digestive tract, the urogenital tract, and the eyes. In the respiratory system, they line the nasal passages, sinuses, trachea, and bronchi, playing a role in filtering air and trapping pathogens. In the digestive system, they line the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines, aiding in digestion and nutrient absorption while protecting the underlying tissues. The eyes are covered by a conjunctival membrane, which is also a type of mucous membrane.

The structure of nyálkahártyák can vary depending on their location and function. They typically consist of an epithelial layer that rests on a connective tissue layer called the lamina propria. This lamina propria contains blood vessels, nerves, and glands that produce and secrete mucus. The epithelial cells themselves can differ, with some being specialized for absorption, secretion, or protection. Inflammation of the mucous membranes is known as mucositis, which can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty with normal bodily functions.