nyomatékkonverter

Nyomatékkonverter, often translated as torque converter, is a type of fluid coupling that transfers rotating mechanical power from a prime mover, such as an internal combustion engine, to a rotating driven load. It is commonly used in automatic transmissions in automobiles. The primary function of a torque converter is to allow the engine to continue running while the vehicle is stopped or moving slowly, and to multiply torque when accelerating from a standstill.

A torque converter typically consists of three main components: the impeller, the turbine, and the stator. The impeller is connected to the engine's crankshaft and spins the transmission fluid. The turbine is connected to the transmission's output shaft and is driven by the fluid flowing from the impeller. The stator is positioned between the impeller and the turbine and is designed to redirect fluid flow. When the engine is running at low speeds and the vehicle is stationary, the impeller spins but the turbine does not, allowing the engine to idle without stalling. As engine speed increases, the fluid flow from the impeller spins the turbine, transmitting power. At certain speeds, the stator redirects the fluid returning from the turbine back to the impeller in a way that increases torque multiplication, providing a boost for acceleration. As the vehicle speeds up and the turbine speed approaches the impeller speed, the stator often freewheels, and the torque converter essentially acts as a simple fluid coupling, with minimal torque multiplication.